Txakoli
Txakoli (or Chacolí) is a light, crisp, and slightly effervescent white wine from Spain’s Basque Country, known for its high acidity, saline minerality, and refreshing citrus flavors.
Stylistic History & Terroir
Txakoli has been produced in the Basque Country for centuries, with records dating back to the Middle Ages. Once considered a rustic, home-made wine, it has seen a resurgence in quality and recognition since the late 20th century. Today, it is primarily made in three Denominaciones de Origen (DOs):
Getariako Txakolina (DO) – The most famous and traditional, located near San Sebastián. Produces fresh, slightly sparkling Txakoli with noticeable salinity.
Bizkaiko Txakolina (DO) – From the province of Biscay, known for fuller-bodied, more aromatic expressions.
Arabako Txakolina (DO) – The smallest and least-known, from Álava, producing well-structured Txakolis with excellent balance.
The vineyards are planted on steep, coastal hillsides influenced by the cool, wet Atlantic climate. The combination of ocean breezes, limestone and clay soils, and high rainfall creates wines that are naturally high in acidity and minerality.
Typical Grape Varietals
Txakoli is traditionally made from indigenous grape varieties, with the most important being:
Hondarrabi Zuri – The primary white grape, producing bright, citrusy wines with green apple, saline, and herbal notes.
Hondarrabi Beltza – A rare red variety used for rosé (Txakoli Rosado) and light, fresh reds.
Other permitted grapes – Petit Manseng, Riesling, and Chardonnay are sometimes blended in modern styles.
Regional Wine Styles
Txakoli wines are highly distinctive, known for their vibrant acidity, low alcohol (typically 10-12%), and subtle natural effervescence.
Txakoli Blanco (White Txakoli) – The most common style, made from Hondarrabi Zuri. Bright, crisp, and slightly spritzy, with citrus, green apple, fresh herbs, and a saline finish.
Txakoli Rosado (Rosé Txakoli) – Made from Hondarrabi Beltza, offering red berry aromas, lively acidity, and refreshing minerality.
Txakoli Tinto (Red Txakoli) – A rare, light-bodied red with high acidity and tart red fruit flavors.
Traditionally, Txakoli is poured from a height into the glass to enhance its natural effervescence, making it a perfect pairing for pintxos (Basque tapas), seafood, and fresh cheeses.
